1200 Smith Street
Houston, TX 77002
Aramco Americas
P.O. Box 4534
Houston, TX 77002
43/F, 45/F20-26, China World Tower 3,
No.1 Jianguomenwai Avenue,
Chaoyang District,
Beijing, China 100004
Room 16T60, 16/F – SWFC, 100 Century Avenue,
Pudong District,
Shanghai 200120, China
15F, Paragon Center, No.1 Lianyue Road,
Siming District,
Xiamen 361012, Fujian, China
2A-0801, 8th Floor, Two Horizon Center, DLF 5,
Sector 43, Gurugram 122002,
Haryana, India
45, Three IFC, 10 Gukjegeumyung-ro
Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07326,
Korea
Level 32, Maxis Tower
Kuala Lumpur City Center
50088 Kuala Lumpur
Via Lombardia 2/A, 1st floor, Building B
20068 – Peschiera Borromeo (MI)
Italy
The cutting edge Fadhili Gas Plant (FGP) is emblematic of Saudi Aramco’s broad impact on not only boosting gas supply to displace crude burning, but also driving economic growth, developing the Saudi workforce, spearheading technology deployment, and reducing CO2 emissions. FGP construction started in 2016 and was completed and put fully onstream in 2020.
With a total processing capacity of 2.5 BSCFD, FGP is the first plant in the region to have the capability of sweetening low BTU gas, then directly powering an independent power plant, yet able to switch to regular sales gas as needed. In addition, Fadhili is the first plant to treat nonassociated gas from both onshore and offshore fields.
FGP is also the first SA Gas plant to deploy the Sulfur Recovery Unit Tail Gas Treatment process to attain a sulfur recovery rate of 99.9%, helping to protect air quality, and reducing SO2 emissions by more than 18,000 Metric Tons per year as compared to the conventional Claus process.
The development of Fadhili added billions of dollars to the local economy through IKTVA. 46% of the project’s materials and services were sourced and manufactured in Saudi Arabia.
A unique feature of Fadhili is that its multiple downstream treated gas pipelines enhanced the connectivity, reliability, and responsiveness of Saudi Aramco’s Master Gas System (MGS), as those pipelines are connected to the northern and central sections of the MGS.
We are expanding the gas processing capacity of our Hawiyah gas plant by more than 1 BSCFD. The new gas processing facilities, expected to be on stream in 2022, are anticipated to raise total production capacity of the plant to approximately 3.6 BSCFD, making it one of the largest gas processing facilities in the world.
We are making improvements to sustain gas production from both the Haradh and Hawiyah fields for the next 20 years and boost production by an average of 1.2 BSCFD. The program includes installing gas compression facilities, liquid separation stations, and transmission lines to our Haradh and Hawiyah gas plants, along with expanding the existing gas gathering pipeline network.
Karan, was our first non-associated offshore gas field development. Discovered in 2006 in the thickest, extremely prolific and complex carbonate layers, the project was fast-tracked, taking only six years to go from discovery to production.
Non-associated gas fields do not have an associated oil column and, therefore, can be accessed without producing oil. The raw gas is transported through a 110-kilometer subsea pipeline to the Khursaniyah Gas Plant for processing.
The natural gas liquids (NGL) recovery plant at Shaybah was commissioned and began production in late 2015, with a second processing train starting up in 2016. The plant NGL production helps Saudi Aramco to meet increasing demand for petrochemical feedstock.
Designed to process as much as 2.4 BSCFD of associated gas and recover 275,000 bpd of ethane plus NGL, the Shaybah facility feeds these volumes of NGL via pipeline to Ju’aymah for further processing before being delivered as petrochemical feedstock to industrial cities.
Wasit, one of the largest gas plants we have ever built, was brought onstream in October 2015 and reached full operating capacity in mid-2016. Unlike our other gas plants, Wasit is designed to process solely nonassociated gas.
To feed Wasit, we brought gas production onstream from the big bore nonassociated gas wells in our offshore Arabiyah and Hasbah fields, situated approximately 150 km northeast of Jubail Industrial City in the Arabian Gulf. With the startup of production from these two fields, more than 40% of our nonassociated gas now comes from offshore fields.
Our continued success in increasing supplies of cleaner burning natural gas makes it possible for us to reduce emissions, enable new industries and release more crude oil for value-added refining or export.
As the company's largest oil processing facility and the largest crude oil stabilization plant in the world, Abqaiq plays a pivotal role in our day-to-day operations.
Abqaiq oil facilities receive sour crude oil from gas-oil separation plants (GOSPs), process it into sweet crude oil, and then transport it to Ras Tanura and Jubail on the east coast, Yanbu' on the west coast and to Bapco Refinery in Bahrain. The off gases from the spheroids and stabilizer columns that are part of the conversion process are then sent to Abqaiq natural gas liquids (NGL) facilities for further processing.
Abqaiq is the main oil processing center for Arabian Extra Light and Arabian Light crude oils.
The northern-most portion of the Ghawar field lies approximately 100 kilometers west of Dhahran. The field comprises six main areas (Fazran, Ain Dar, Shedgum, Uthaminyah, Hawiyah and Haradh) and extends southward over more than 200 kilometers as one long continuous anticline. It is approximately 36 kilometers across at its widest point.
We believe that the Ghawar field is the largest oil field in the world in terms of conventional proved reserves, totaling 58.32 billion barrels of oil equivalent as at 31 December 2018. It has accounted for more than half of the total cumulative crude oil production in the Kingdom.
The Ghawar field facilities and infrastructure remain a central component in our long-term strategic framework for optimizing both technical recovery of resources and the economic of resource management.
The Haradh area, located at the southern tip of the Ghawar oil field, was developed in three increments of 300,000 bpd of Arabian Light crude oil capacity.
Haradh III was also the first plant in the Southern Area of company operations to have completely automated well control and monitoring, allowing remote operations. The project benefited from successful integration of four technologies: multilateral, maximum reservoir contact (MRC) wells; Smart Well completions (using control valves for preventing premature water breakthrough); geosteering (for optimal placement of wells in the reservoir for maximum recovery); and the “intelligent field” concept, in which real-time sub-surface data transmissions enable continual monitoring of key reservoir indicators. The integrated use of these four technologies slashed unit well development costs three-fold.
The Khurais complex, which comprises of the Abu Jifan and Mazalij fields in addition to Khurais itself, is approximately 106 kilometers long and 18 kilometers across at its widest point.
The Khursaniyah program includes facilities to process and stabilize 500,000 bpd of Arabian Light crude oil blend from the Abu Hadriya, Fadhili and Khursaniyah fields, and a grassroots gas plant to process one billion scfd of associated gas.
Khursaniyah began producing oil in August 2008. The facility also has the capacity to inject 1.1 million bpd of non-potable water for reservoir pressure maintenance.
The UNESCO environmental responsibility award nominated Manifa crude oil development was designed to produce 900,000 bpd of Arabian Heavy crude oil, 90 million scfd of sour gas, and 65,000 bpd of hydrocarbon condensate.
By employing best-in-class technologies in infrastructure, drilling and production activities, the project consumed more than 80 million man hours without a lost time injury.
Prior to construction, extensive engineering and ecological assessments were conducted to ensure that the marine ecosystem would not be adversely affected by developing the field. As a direct result of these studies, Saudi Aramco constructed three kilometers of bridges to span the migration paths of various marine species, maintaining natural water flow and preserving natural marine nurseries.
Nuayyim crude oil increment added 100,000 bpd of Arabian Super Light crude oil and 90 million scfd of associated gas to our production capacity.
The project – the first in-Kingdom project of this scale with a project proposal completed entirely in Saudi Arabia – also included a gas-oil separation plant, 140 kilometers of 16” gas pipeline, and water supply facilities at Hawtah. Smokeless flaring has been used to significantly reduce emissions.
The field, which entered production in August 2009, is 250 kilometers south of Riyadh and about 50 kilometers northeast of our Hawtah crude oil facility, the first producing facility in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia.
Qatif Producing Plants Program consists of facilities to produce, process, and transport 500,000 bpd of blended Arabian Light crude oil from the Qatif field and 300,000 bpd of Arabian Medium crude oil from the offshore Abu Sa'fah field.
The Qatif facility was the first to produce Arabian Light crude oil by blending Arabian Extra Light, Light and Medium grades.
We believe that Safaniyah field is the world's largest conventional offshore oil field in terms of proved reserves. It is located approximately 260 kilometers north of Dhahran. Most of the field lies offshore in the Arabian Gulf. Within the Concession area, the Safaniyah field is approximately 50 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide.
The Shaybah field, located in the Rub’ al-Khali or Empty Quarter, was discovered in 1968. Its remote location, local summer temperatures in excess of 50 degrees Celsius and sand dunes higher than 300 meters presented serious challenges. So for technical and economic reasons, development was held off until 20 years later. However, by the 1990s, advances in 3D seismic imaging technology, horizontal drilling and other technologies gave us the tools we needed to begin production.
The field is approximately 13 kilometers wide and 64 kilometers long. Due to the field's remoteness, its facilities include a dedicated NGL recovery unit, an airfield and accommodation for staff.
Our second 250,000 bpd expansion project at Shaybah came on-stream in 2016, raising its overall production capacity to 1 million bpd of Arabian Extra Light crude oil — double the facility’s original capacity.
The Zuluf field is located in the Arabian Gulf, approximately 240 kilometers north of Dhahran, in average water depth of 118 feet. The field has two main structures, Zuluf and Ribyan, and is of similar area to Safaniyah to the north.
Aramco operates one of the world’s largest refining businesses, and its integrated petrochemical refinery complex at Jazan City for Primary and Downstream Industries is part of the Company’s vibrant downstream growth strategy.
In 2020, Aramco confirmed that it would proceed with the divestment of the Jazan Integrated Gasification and Combined Cycle Plant into a Joint Venture (JV) between Aramco, Air Products, ACWA Power, and Air Products Qudra, integrating the Air Separation Unit into the JV.
With the addition of our Jazan Refinery Complex, Aramco has five wholly owned refineries within the Kingdom, three of which were built specifically to supply transportation and utility fuels for the domestic marketplace. Aramco’s four domestic affiliated refineries within the Kingdom are highly competitive with other world-class facilities based on scale, configurations and product yields.
Hyundai Oilbank is a refinery in South Korea, established in 1964. The Daesan Complex, where Hyundai Oilbank’s major facilities are located, is a fully integrated refining plant with a processing capacity of 650,000 barrels of crude oil per day. Aramco has a 17% equity interest in Hyundai Oilbank.
Idemitsu Kosan, one of leading refining and marketing companies in Japan, is a result of a merger between Idemitsu and Showa Shell Sekiyu. Its sales in Japan are primarily gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene and automotive lubricants. Idemitsu Kosan owns and operates more than 6,400 retail service stations, has equity stakes in six refineries, and a gross refining capacity of 945,000 bpd. Aramco owns a 7.7% equity interest in Idemitsu Kosan.
Motiva Enterprises, a fully owned affiliate of Saudi Aramco, operates the Port Arthur Refinery, the largest refinery in the U.S. at 635,000 bpd in Port Arthur, Texas. Motiva has acquired a 100% equity interest in Motiva Chemicals LLC (formerly Flint Hills), a chemical plant in Port Arthur, Texas.
Sinopec SenMei Petroleum Company Limited is a joint venture of Sinopec, ExxonMobil China Petroleum & Petrochemical Company Limited and Saudi Aramco Sino Company Limited. Sinopec SenMei, with headquarters in Fuzhou, is mainly engaged in the wholesale, retail, storage, throughput and transport of the processed oil, lubricant and other petroleum products, operation of convenience stores of service stations, car washing, lubricant replacement, restaurant and other auxiliary services.
Based in Maastricht, Netherlands, as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Saudi Aramco, ARLANXEO serves the development, production, marketing, sale and distribution of specialty chemicals and synthetic rubber products, principally for the high-volume global tire and automotive industries.
A joint venture between Saudi Aramco and Sumitomo Chemical. The products produced are used in such end products as plastics, detergents, lubricants, resins, coolants, anti-freeze, paint, carpets, rope, clothing, shampoo, auto interiors, epoxy glue, insulation, film, fibers, household appliances, packaging, candles, pipes and many other applications.
PRefChem venture is a strategic alliance between Saudi Aramco and Petronas, through equal ownership in two joint ventures, namely the Pengerang Refining Company Sdn. Bhd. (PRefChem Refining) and the Pengerang Petrochemical Company Sdn. Bhd. (PRefChem Petrochemical), collectively known as PRefChem.
The Saudi Aramco Total Refining and Petrochemical Co. (SATORP), a joint venture between Saudi Aramco and Total in Jubail, supports Saudi Aramco’s efforts to expand the value chain and achieve maximum value from the Kingdom’s resources. It processes heavy Arabian crude daily into low-sulfur gasoline, diesel and jets fuel that comply with the standards in the United States, Europe and Japan. It also produces paraxylene, benzene, sulfur and pure petroleum coke that fuels cement plants and electric power stations.
The Yanbu Aramco Sinopec Refining Company (YASREF) Ltd., a joint venture between Saudi Aramco and China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec), is a world-class, full-conversion refinery that covers about 5.2 million square meters in the Yanbu Industrial City, and is the key anchor project in Yanbu. YASREF uses 400,000 barrels per day (bpd) of Arabian heavy crude oil to produce premium transportation fuels, as well as high-value refined products for both international and domestic markets.
YASREF is a significant addition to the impressive downstream portfolio of Saudi Aramco, while building on and cementing the strategic partnership with Sinopec, Saudi Aramco’s largest crude oil partner and buyer. Both companies bring commercial and technical expertise to the joint venture to enhance trade of transportation fuels between a significant energy producer and its consumer.
In addition, YASREF represents a continuing step forward in the strategies of Saudi Aramco and Sinopec to drive growth further downstream to capture additional value along the hydrocarbon chain.
Our Technology Office in Aberdeen focuses on drilling and production technologies. The European arm of Saudi Aramco Energy Ventures (SAEV) is located within the office, whose mission is to source and develop relationships with strategically significant and innovative energy technology companies.
Our Beijing Research Center conducts research on chemical enhanced oil recovery and advanced seismic imaging technologies, including automated fault detection and improvements in data quality through super resolution.
The Center is also evaluating the expansion of research activities into the downstream sector in areas such as transportation efficiency, greenhouse gas management, advanced control and power systems, robotics, materials science, nanotechnology and advanced computing.
Our CO2 Management Collaboration at the Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in Daejeon, South Korea, is dedicated to addressing issues related to carbon management. The collaboration follows an interdisciplinary approach to innovative and cost-effective CO2 capture, storage, and conversion from fixed and mobile sources.
The Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands is home to our technology office that focuses mainly on seismic processing and subsurface imaging to help us better understand the nature of our subsurface geology.
Aramco Innovations Research Center
Leninskiye Gory 1 bldg 75-B
119234 Moscow
Russia
Our Aramco Fuel Research Center in Paris is located at IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPen). IFP Energies nouvelles is a public-sector research, innovation and training center active in the fields of energy, transport and the environment. Thanks to this strategic placement, we can capitalize on IFPen’s facilities and links to various European automakers to accelerate the innovation cycle of different fuel technologies.
Our research areas at our Dhahran headquarters include the Research & Development Center (R&DC) and the EXPEC Advanced Research Center (EXPEC ARC).
EXPEC ARC develops specialized technologies necessary to achieve its upstream objectives of increasing discovery of oil resources and increasing reservoir recovery. An expansion of the EXPEC Advanced Research Center is currently underway, with new facilities to enable integrated research on sustainability technologies.
Our R&DC focuses on cutting-edge technologies that enhance operational reliability, efficiency and safety, as well as investigating clean fuels and the management of carbon release.
Our research center at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) focuses on catalyst development, materials science, nanotechnology, robotics, solar energy materials and fuel technology. The strong capabilities provided in downstream areas are complemented by our FUELCOM collaboration with the KAUST Clean Combustion Research Center.
Aramco Research Center-Boston supports development in the areas of computational modeling, advanced materials, and nanotechnology. The center works on collaborative research projects with the nearby Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) faculty, with a focus on modeling, visualization, simulation, and advanced materials.
Our Aramco Research Centers in Detroit, Houston, and Boston have a collaboration with the MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) to support research by two Low-Carbon Energy Centers designed to address climate change challenges. The centers bring together researchers from multiple disciplines at MIT to engage with companies, governmental agencies, and other stakeholders to further research and promote clean energy technologies to mitigate climate change.
Our Aramco Research Center in Detroit focuses on competitive transportation solutions, improving the efficiency of current and future engines, reducing overall environmental impact, cost, and complexity of engine systems.
The Center can accommodate light-duty and heavy-duty fuels research programs and also offers full on-site integration and the demonstration of new vehicle technologies. Our Strategic Transportation Analysis Team, based in the Detroit Center, provides dynamic industry analysis relevant to our fuels research and development activities.
Aramco Research Center in Houston focuses on upstream technologies for conventional and unconventional resources to support discovery and recovery goals. Specific areas of research include advanced seismic imaging, unconventional productivity enhancement, smart fluids to improve well productivity, nano-based polymers, surfactants, cement technologies related to drilling operations, quantitative geology, and advanced downhole sensors. It is our largest center outside Saudi Arabia.
Like many coffee farmers in Jazan, Abu Awwad faced challenges on his journey. Through Aramco’s coffee initiative, he enhanced his farming techniques and increased his production.
The governorate of Al-Dayer is a stunning area in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Known for its verdant mountain peaks and valleys, Al-Dayer is rich with archeological sites that have made it a prominent tourist destination in the region. But what makes Al-Dayer so unique are the many coffee farms covering its mountains.
These coffee farms are home to Saudi beans — sweet-flavored coffee beans that are famously grown in the south-western part of Saudi Arabia. They are an important source of income for local communities in the area. For years, growing these beans has been an art passed down from one generation to the next.
The Saudi coffee bean is a cultural treasure known for its distinct scent and delicious taste. It is a sub-variety of the Arabica bean — one of the most popular coffee beans in the world. Growing them involves a long and laborious process, and coffee farmers can only harvest them 2-3 years after planting their seeds. As is the case for Arabica beans, Saudi coffee beans are also water lovers. They require a lot of consistent irrigation — which can be made available via smart irrigation systems — in the early stages after seed planting. Lack of rain and irrigation water, and increased soil salinity in coastal areas, have previously affected the coffee crops of some farmers in Al-Dayer, including Abu Awwad.
Ahmed Jabran — who also goes by Abu Awwad — began his coffee farming journey at around the age of five. He grew up watching both his father and grandfather harvest crops of the flavorful Saudi coffee beans.
"As a child, my grandfather used to tell me how his father and grandparents taught him to cultivate coffee beans, a craft that the tribes of Al-Dayer inherited from older generations,” says Abu Awwad.
“Back then, coffee farmers worked extra hard to take care of their trees,” Abu Awwad continues. “They used to transport bags of water from wells to their farms by carrying them on their backs.”
His passion grew as he did and tending the coffee soon became his source of income. Once he became an adult, Abu Awwad started selling coffee beans to his relatives and the people in his village.
His progress, however, was halted when a drought destroyed all but seven trees — out of 2,000 coffee trees — on his farm. In that moment, Abu Awwad nearly lost all hope that the coffee farm he inherited from his father would ever grow trees again.
Then his friends and fellow farmers urged him to join Aramco's initiative, which he did.
In 2016, Aramco launched its coffee initiative in collaboration with the Jazan Mountains Development Authority and Al-Dayer Charitable Society. It began in Al-Dayer, and then expanded to six additional areas: Faifa, Al-Rayth, Al-'Aridah, Al-'Aydabi, Harub, and the neighboring 'Asir region.
The initiative helped establish a quality-enhancement laboratory, offered agricultural guidance to coffee farmers, and promoted science-based coffee bean drying, peeling, sorting, and packaging. The initiative's support included maintaining a number of coffee farms, and installing smart irrigation systems in the area. Experts were also appointed to raise and monitor the quality of coffee beans. All of this helped increase our farmers' coffee bean production capacity to more than 800 tons by the end of 2021.
As part of its ongoing collaboration with local entities, Aramco also aims to establish the National Coffee Development Center. The center aims to further increase coffee production by supporting the entire coffee development chain which includes distributing the seedlings, providing best in class farming techniques to coffee farmers, creating a brand identity for Saudi coffee bean and help bring farmers' products to market by supporting every step of the production process.
The initiative helped turn things around for Abu Awwad. He learned about modern coffee farming techniques, and attended coffee cultivation training courses that helped him plant new coffee trees and enhance the quality of his crops.
"In the past, we used to plant trees in their own holes just like we had learned. Using this method, the tree would take more than a year to start production. The training course taught us to first prepare the hole, turn over the soil, and then add fertilizers.
"The results now could be seen within three months of planting the beans. The farm's trees were even arranged in a single row, which is a modern distribution method." says Abu Awwad.
"People in the area loved applying these new methods,” Abu Awwad adds. “They spared farmers the hassle of planting trees using arbitrary methods."
Smart irrigation systems made available via the initiative also helped Abu Awwad and other farmers increase their coffee production, and expand their sales as a result.
"As time went on, we sold our crops in new areas. Today, our products are sold across the Kingdom and the GCC region," says Abu Awwad.
Awwad, Ali, and Rashid, Abu Awwad's sons, have all inherited their father's passion for the craft. Today, they help him around the family's coffee farm. Abu Awwad has passed down his knowledge to them and encouraged them to work and learn alongside him, just like he did with his father. Ever since they were little, they have watered coffee trees, pruned them, and used their beans to prepare coffee.
Together they take care of the farm, and through their dedication and with the help of Aramco's support and training, their coffee production is growing and the family prospering. And this has encouraged more farmers to follow in their footsteps and join the initiative.
“Coffee farming became attractive to the people of Al-Dayer, including my cousin. He cultivated about 900 coffee trees in his farm, which are now productive. Many other villagers did the same," he adds.
Today, coffee farmers in Jazan continue cultivating and harvesting coffee beans like the generations before them. And, with the support now available to them, a future with many more opportunities for growth awaits them.
These opportunities include our partnership with the Saudi Coffee Company, which aims to build on the success of our coffee initiative and support a more competitive coffee industry in Saudi Arabia. Through this collaboration, we aim to continue supporting local coffee farmers with technical support, providing them with training and knowledge sharing opportunities, and helping more coffee farmers achieve economic independence.
For decades, Aramco has supported Arabian Gulf and Red Sea research that could help guide best practice in areas from conservation to fisheries management.
Jaber planted his first coffee trees at the age of 25, but found it hard to make a living. Now in his late forties, he’s benefited from an Aramco initiative to support coffee farmers and has dreams of selling his coffee beans around the world.